2016.8.12 23:20-23:50
1.2 SUGGESTED BACKGROUND
1.2 读者的知识背景
We assume in this book that you have a certain amount of Linux or UNIX experience. In particular, you should have a general concept of how the system looks and feels from the user’s perspective since we don’t review this material. Several good books can get you up to speed; see the reading list on page 27.
本书假定读者已经具备一定程序的Linux或者UNIX经验。尤其要从用户的角度对系统的风格有个一般性的概念，因为我们不再复核这方面的材料。有一些优秀的书籍可以帮助读者迅速掌握这些概念，请看第27页。
Even in these days of Compiz-powered 3D desktops, the GUI tools for system administration on UNIX and Linux systems remain fairly simplified in comparison with the richness of the underlying software. In the real world, we still administer by editing configuration files and writing scripts, so you’ll need to be comfortable with both a command-line shell and a text editor.
即便在现今有三维图形显示功能的桌面计算机上，用于UNIX和Linux系统管理的GUI工具与其下层丰富的软件相比，依然显得相当简单。在现实世界里，我们仍然要通过编辑配置文件和编写脚本来完成管理工作，因此读者需要习惯于使用某种命令行的shell和某种文本编辑器。
Your editor can be a GUI tool like gedit or a command-line tool such as vi or emacs. Word processors such as Microsoft Word and OpenOffice Writer are quite different from text editors and are nearly useless for administrative tasks. Command-line tools have an edge because they can run over simple SSH connections and on ailing systems that won’t boot; there’s no need for a window system. They are also much faster for the quick little edits that administrators often make.
编辑器可以像gedit那样的GUI工具，也可以是像vi或emacs那样的命令行工具。像Microsoft Word和OpenOffice这样的字处理程序和广本编辑器差别很大，对于系统管理工作几乎没有什么用处。命令行工具有个优势，因为它们可以通过一条SSH连接运行，还可以在出问题不能启动的系统上使用；而且不需要用图形窗口系统。对于系统管理员常做的微小编辑工作来说，它们的运行速度也快很多。
We recommend learning vi (now seen most commonly in its rewritten form, vim), which is standard on all UNIX and Linux systems. Although it may appear a bit pallid when compared with glitzier offerings such as emacs, it is powerful and complete. GNU’s nano is a simple and low-impact “starter editor” that has on-screen prompts. Be wary of nonstandard editors, though; if you become addicted to one, you may soon tire of dragging it along with you to install on every new system.
我们推荐读者学会使用vi（现在最常见的是它的一种经过重写的形式，即vim）它是所有UNIX和Linux系统上的标准软件。尽管同emasc这样的华丽软件相比，vi可能显得有些平淡，但vi的功能还是非常强大和完善的。GNU的nano是一种简单、易上手的“入门编辑器”，它有屏幕提示功能。选用非标准的编辑器则要小心，如果读者已经对这样的一种编辑器“上了瘾”，那么很快就会对它感到厌烦，因为需要把它带到身边，以便在每个新系统上都要安装一次。