Facebook Hacker Cup 2015 Round 1--Corporate Gifting(树形动态规划)

原题:https://www.facebook.com/hackercup/problems.php?pid=759650454070547&round=344496159068801

题意:给定一颗有根树,在树上下层的节点要给上层节点礼物,根节点的礼物则给慈善会,但是给礼物有个条件就是你不能送你的父节点已经送出的礼物。问满足要求的最少花费。

题解:这个题卡了一段时间,类似于染色问题,可以用树形动态规划求解。因为已知节点个数为N,则我们单个节点的最大花费不会超过log2(N) = 18。

1. 设dp[i][j]是在i节点花费j时以i为根节点的子树所需要的总开销。

2. 则dp[i][j] = sum{min{dp[son][k],1 <= k <= 18且k != j},son为i的每个子节点};

比赛的时候一开始使用DFS,没注意到节点规模在树成链状时会导致暴栈。但是时间已经来不及了,很遗憾没有进入round 2。

代码如下:

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
#define maxN 200005
#define maxM 18

vector<vector<int> > sons;
int N;
int minCost[maxN][maxM];

struct node
{
    int ID;
    int depth;
    friend bool operator< (node x,node y)
    {
        return x.depth > y.depth;
    }
}employee[maxN];

int BFS()
{
    for(int i = 1;i <= N;i++)
    {
        employee[i].ID = i;
    }
    employee[1].depth = 0;
    int now,next;
    int sonSize;
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(1);
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        now = q.front();
        q.pop();
        sonSize = sons[now].size();
        for(int i = 0;i < sonSize;i++)
        {
            next = sons[now][i];
            q.push(next);
            employee[next].depth = employee[now].depth+1;
        }
    }
}

int dp()
{
    int fa,son,sonSize;
    int i,j,k,m;
    int tmpMinCost;
    BFS();
    sort(employee+1,employee+N+1);
    for(i = 1;i <= N;i++)
    {
        fa = employee[i].ID;
        sonSize = sons[fa].size();
        for(j = 1;j <= maxM;j++)
        {
            minCost[fa][j] = j;
            for(k = 0;k < sonSize;k++)
            {
                son = sons[fa][k];
                tmpMinCost = INT_MAX;
                for(int m = 1;m <= maxM;m++)
                {
                    if(m == j)
                        continue;
                    tmpMinCost = min(tmpMinCost,minCost[son][m]);
                }
                minCost[fa][j] += tmpMinCost;
            }
        }
    }
    int ans = INT_MAX;
    for(i = 1;i <= maxM;i++)
    {
        ans = min(ans,minCost[1][i]);
    }
    return ans;
}

int main()
{
    freopen("corporate_gifting.txt","r",stdin);
    freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
    int T;
    int fa;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    for(int i = 1;i <= T;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&N);
        vector<vector<int> >().swap(sons);
        sons.resize(N+1);
        for(int j = 1;j <= N;j++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&fa);
            sons[fa].push_back(j);
        }
        printf("Case #%d; %d\n",i,dp());
    }
    return 0;
}
时间: 2024-08-06 07:59:03

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