Linux运维 第五阶段（九）iSCSI&cLVM&gfs2
gfs2（global file system version2，全局文件系统，CFS集群文件系统，利用HA的信息层，向各node通告自己所持有锁的信息）
cLVM（cluster logical volume management，集群逻辑卷管理，将共享存储做成逻辑卷，借用HA的心跳传输机制（通信机制，对于脑裂处理的机制），各node要启动clvmd服务（此服务启动前要启动cman和rgmanager），使得各node彼此间通信）
准备四个node（node{1,2,3}为使用共享存储，node4为提供共享存储并作为跳板机）
node{1,2,3}准备好yum源、时间要同步、节点名称、/etc/hosts，node4上要能与node{1,2,3}双机互信
（1）准备共享存储
node4-side：
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
default-driver iscsi
<targetiqn.2015-07.com.magedu:teststore.disk1>
<backing-store /dev/sdb>
vender_id magedu
lun 1
</backing-store>
incominguser iscsi iscsi
initiator-address 192.168.41.131
initiator-address 192.168.41.132
initiator-address 192.168.41.133
</target>
[[email protected] ~]# service tgtd restart
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tnlp（3260/tcp，tgtd）
[[email protected] ~]# tgtadm --lld iscsi --mode target --op show
……
LUN: 1
……
Account information:
iscsi
ACL information:
192.168.41.131
192.168.41.132
192.168.41.133
[[email protected] ~]# alias ha=‘for I in{1..3};do ssh node$I‘
[[email protected] ~]# ha ‘rm -rf/var/lib/iscsi/send_targets/*’;done
node{1,2,3}-side：
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf
node.session.auth.authmethod = CHAP
node.session.auth.username = iscsi
node.session.auth.password = iscsi
node4-side：
[[email protected] ~]# ha ‘service iscsi restart’;done
[[email protected] ~]# ha ‘iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.41.134’;done
[[email protected] ~]# ha ‘iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2015-07.com.magedu:teststore.disk1 -p 192.168.41.134 -l’;done
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
（2）安装cman、rgmanager、gfs2-utils、lvm2-cluster
node4-side：
[[email protected] ~]# for I in {1..3};do scp /root/{cman*,rgmanager*,gfs2-utils*,lvm2-cluster*} node$I:/root/;ssh node$I‘ yum -y --nogpgcheck localinstall /root/*.rpm‘;done
node1-side：
[[email protected] ~]# ccs_tool create tcluster
[[email protected] ~]# ccs_tool addfence meatware fence_manual
[[email protected] ~]# ccs_tool addnode -v 1 -n 1-f meatware node1.magedu.com
[[email protected] ~]# ccs_tool addnode -v 1 -n 2-f meatware node2.magedu.com
[[email protected] ~]# ccs_tool addnode -v 1 -n 3-f meatware node3.magedu.com
[[email protected] ~]# service cman start（第一次启动初始化时，最好使用工具system-config-cluster将组播地址改掉，不要与其它集群用相同的默认组播地址，否则会接收到其它集群传来的同步信息无法正常启动；或在启动前将node1的配置文件/etc/cluster/cluster.conf复制到其它node再启动）
[[email protected] ~]# clustat
node1.magedu.com 1 Online, Local
node2.magedu.com 2 Online
node3.magedu.com 3 Online
node2-side：
[[email protected] ~]# service cman start
node3-side：
[[email protected] ~]# service cman start
（3）cLVM配置：
node1-side：
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ql lvm2-cluster
/etc/rc.d/init.d/clvmd
/usr/sbin/clvmd
/usr/sbin/lvmconf
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf（每个node都要改此配置文件）
locking_type = 3（Type 3 uses built-in clustered locking，将此项1改为3，1表示本地基于文件锁Defaults to local file-based locking）
node4-side：
[[email protected] ~]# ha ‘service clvmd start‘;done
node1-side：
[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb"
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
[[email protected] ~]# pvs（在其它node也可看到）
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb lvm2a-- 10.00G 10.00G
[[email protected] ~]# vgcreate clustervg /dev/sdb
Clustered volume group "clustervg" successfully created
[[email protected] ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
clustervg 1 0 0wz--nc 10.00G 10.00G
[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n clusterlv clustervg
Logical volume "clusterlv" created
[[email protected] ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
clusterlv clustervg -wi-a- 5.00G
（4）gfs2配置：
node1-side：
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ql gfs2-utils
/etc/rc.d/init.d/gfs2
/sbin/fsck.gfs2
/sbin/gfs2_convert
/sbin/gfs2_edit
/sbin/gfs2_fsck
/sbin/gfs2_grow
/sbin/gfs2_jadd
/sbin/gfs2_quota
/sbin/gfs2_tool
/sbin/mkfs.gfs2
/sbin/mount.gfs2
/sbin/umount.gfs2
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.gfs2 -h
#mkfs.gfs2 OPTIONS DEVICE
options：
-b #（blocksize指定块大小，默认4096bytes）
-D（Enable debugging output）
-j NUMBER（The number of journals for gfs2_mkfs to create，指定日志区域的个数，有几个node挂载使用就创建几个，默认创建1个）
-J #（The size of the journals in Megabytes，日志区域大小，默认128M）
-p NAME（Lock ProtoName is the name of the locking protocol to use，锁协议名，两种，通常使用lock_dlm，若是一个node用lock_nolock，若仅一个node使用单机FS即可,用不着集群FS）
-t NAME（The lock table field appropriate to the lock module you’re using，锁表名称，格式为CLUSTERNAME:LOCKTABLENAME，clustername为当前node所在的集群名称，locktablename要在当前集群内唯一；一个集群内可以使用多个集群文件系统，锁表名称用于区分哪一个node在哪一个集群文件系统上所持有的锁）
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.gfs2 -j 3 -p lock_dlm -t tcluster:lktb1 /dev/clustervg/clusterlv（格式化集群文件系统会很慢）
This will destroy any data on/dev/clustervg/clusterlv.
Are you sure you want to proceed? [y/n] y
Device: /dev/clustervg/clusterlv
Blocksize: 4096
Device Size 5.00 GB (1310720 blocks)
Filesystem Size: 5.00 GB (1310718 blocks)
Journals: 3
Resource Groups: 20
Locking Protocol: "lock_dlm"
Lock Table: "tcluster:lktb1"
UUID: D8B10B8F-7EE2-A818-E392-0DF218411F2C
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /mydata
[[email protected] ~]# mount -t gfs2 /dev/clustervg/clusterlv /mydata
node2-side：
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /mydata
[[email protected] ~]# mount -t gfs2 /dev/clustervg/clusterlv /mydata
[[email protected] ~]# ls /mydata
[[email protected] ~]# touch /mydata/b.txt
[[email protected] ~]# ls /mydata
b.txt
node3-side：
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /mydata
[[email protected] ~]# mount -t gfs2 /dev/clustervg/clusterlv /mydata
[[email protected] ~]# touch /mydata/c.txt
[[email protected] ~]# ls /mydata
b.txt c.txt
node1-side：
[[email protected] ~]# ls /mydata
b.txt c.txt
注：每个node对CFS的操作会立即同步到磁盘，并告知其它node，所以严重影响系统性能
（5）调试：
[[email protected] ~]# gsf2_tool -h（interface to gfs2 ioctl/sysfs calls）
#gfs2_tool df|journals|gettune|freeze|unfreeze|getargs MOUNT_POINT
#gfs2_tool list
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_tool list（List the currently mounted GFS2 filesystems）
253:2 tcluster:lktb1
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_tool journals /mydata（rint out information about the journals in a mounted filesystem）
journal2 - 128MB
journal1 - 128MB
journal0 - 128MB
3 journal(s) found.
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_tool df /mydata
/mydata:
SBlock proto = "lock_dlm"
SBlock table = "tcluster:lktb1"
SBondisk format = 1801
SBmultihost format = 1900
Block size = 4096
Journals = 3
Resource Groups = 20
Mounted lock proto = "lock_dlm"
Mounted lock table = "tcluster:lktb1"
Mounted host data = "jid=0:id=196609:first=1"
Journal number = 0
Lock module flags = 0
Local flocks = FALSE
Local caching = FALSE
Type Total Blocks Used Blocks Free Blocks use%
------------------------------------------------------------------------
data 1310564 99293 1211271 8%
inodes 1211294 23 1211271 0%
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_tool freeze /mydata（Freeze (quiesce)a GFS2 cluster，任意一个node对CFS操作会卡住，直至unfreeze）
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_tool getargs /mydata
statfs_percent 0
data 2
suiddir 0
quota 0
posix_acl 0
upgrade 0
debug 0
localflocks 0
localcaching 0
ignore_local_fs 0
spectator 0
hostdata jid=0:id=196609:first=1
locktable
lockproto
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_tool gettune /mydata（Print out the current values of the tuning parameters in a running filesystem，若要调整某一项，使用settune，并在挂载点后直接跟上指令和值，如#gfs2_tool settune /mydata new_files_directio=1）
new_files_directio = 0
new_files_jdata = 0
quota_scale = 1.0000 (1, 1)
logd_secs = 1
recoverd_secs = 60
statfs_quantum = 30
stall_secs = 600
quota_cache_secs = 300
quota_simul_sync = 64
statfs_slow = 0
complain_secs = 10
max_readahead = 262144
quota_quantum = 60
quota_warn_period = 10
jindex_refresh_secs = 60
log_flush_secs = 60
incore_log_blocks = 1024
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_jadd -j 1 /dev/clustervg/clusterlv（添加日志区域，1表示新增的个数（是新增个数不是总的节点数），若集群中node数增加了，可通过gfs2_jadd增加日志区域）
[[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L 8G /dev/clustervg/clusterlv（extend the size of a logical volume
，扩展逻辑卷大小，可理解为扩展物理边界）
Extending logical volume clusterlv to 8.00 GB
Logical volume clusterlv successfully resized
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_grow /dev/clustervg/clusterlv（Expand a GFS2 filesystem，扩展集群文件系统，可理解为扩展逻辑边界，注意一定要执行此步骤，重要）
FS: Mount Point: /mydata
FS: Device: /dev/mapper/clustervg-clusterlv
FS: Size: 1310718 (0x13fffe)
FS: RG size: 65533 (0xfffd)
DEV: Size: 2097152 (0x200000)
The file system grew by 3072MB.
Error fallocating extra space : File toolarge
gfs2_grow complete.
[[email protected] ~]# lvresize -L -3G /dev/clustervg/clusterlv（减小逻辑卷大小）
[[email protected] ~]# gfs2_grow /dev/clustervg/clusterlv
[[email protected] ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
clusterlv clustervg -wi-ao 5.00G
以上是学习《马哥运维课程》做的笔记
Linux运维 第五阶段（九）iSCSI & cLVM & gfs2