方式一：通过网页授权的方式获取，前提是公众号已获得网页授权
公众号获得网页授权后，配置回调域名：
当用户点击某个菜单事件时，调用项目中的xxx.jsp或xxx.html文件（http://www.xxx.com/web/wx1.jsp），内容如下：
appid：公众号的:appid
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ include file="/commViews/taglib.jsp"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=0.5, maximum-scale=2.0, user-scalable=yes" />
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.location.href = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=wx59f756xxxxxxx &redirect_uri=http%3a%2f%2fwww.xxxx.com%2fweb%2fwx2.jsp /*(http://www.xxxx.com/web/wx2.jsp)*/ &response_type=code&scope=snsapi_userinfo&state=STATE&connect_redirect=1#wechat_redirect";
</script> <body> </body> </html>
http://www.xxxx.com/web/wx2.jsp 获取到code后调用后台接口，通过code获取openid
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@ include file="/commViews/taglib.jsp" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=0.5, maximum-scale=2.0, user-scalable=yes"/>
<%@ include file="/commViews/head.jsp"%>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
var is_weixin = (function () {
return navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf(‘micromessenger‘) !== -1
})();
var code = getUrlParam("code");
console.log("code:" + code);
$(function () {
if (code != null) {
$.ajax({
url: "${ctx}appsite/wx/getOpenid",
type: "get",
dataType: ‘text‘,
data: {code: code},
success: function (openid) {
// alert(openid)
},
error: function (msg) {
console.log(msg);
}
});
}
});
</script>
<body>
</body>
</html>
后台获取openid的接口：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.xxx.xxx.wechat.util.HttpRequestUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/xxxx/wx")
public class AppWxController {
@Autowired
StxcContestUserService<StxcContestUser> stxcContestUserService;
/**
* 1 第一步：用户同意授权，获取code
*
* 2 第二步：通过code换取网页授权access_token
*
* 3 第三步：刷新access_token（如果需要）
*
* 4 第四步：拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)
*
* 5 附：检验授权凭证（access_token）是否有效
*
* code=CODE&state=STATE
* https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code
*/
/**
* 通过code换取网页授权access_token
* @param request
* @param response
* @return access_token 网页授权接口调用凭证,注意：此access_token与基础支持的access_token不同
* expires_in access_token接口调用凭证超时时间，单位（秒）
* refresh_token 用户刷新access_token
* openid 用户唯一标识，请注意，在未关注公众号时，用户访问公众号的网页，也会产生一个用户和公众号唯一的OpenID
* scope 用户授权的作用域，使用逗号（,）分隔
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getOpenid",produces = "application/json; charset=utf-8")
@ResponseBody
public String getAccess_token(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,Map map){
String code = request.getParameter("code");
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token";
Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("appid","wx59f75xxxxxxxxxx"); // 此处图方便直接将 appid,secret写在这里
params.put("secret","a0ff75cf900489xxxxxxxxxxx");
params.put("code",code);
params.put("grant_type","authorization_code");
String result = HttpRequestUtil.getInfoByNet(url,params,"POST","https",null);
JSONObject json = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
String openid = json.getString("openid");
return openid;
}
}
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpRequestUtil {
//请求地址，请求参数，请求方式，请求协议，携带参数
public static String getInfoByNet(String url, Map<String,String> params,String requestMethod,String requestProtocol,String outputStr){
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
stringBuffer.append(url+"?");
String result="";
for (Map.Entry<String,String> arg:params.entrySet()){
stringBuffer.append(arg.getKey()+"="+arg.getValue()+"&");
}
stringBuffer.deleteCharAt(stringBuffer.length() - 1);
//System.out.println(stringBuffer);
if(requestProtocol.equals("https")){
result = httpsRequest(stringBuffer.toString(), requestMethod, outputStr);
//System.out.println(result);
return result;
}else {
result = httpRequest(stringBuffer.toString(), requestMethod, outputStr);
//System.out.println(result);
return result;
}
}
}
方式二：公众号未获得网页授权
登录公众号后配置如下：（可参考开发文档的 “入门指南”） https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Getting_Started/Getting_Started_Guide.html
上面填写的Url 是自己项目中的接口，填写好后提交时公众号会发送一个GET请求到接口进行token验证。
注意：验证的时候接口必须是GET请求方式，接口是POST请求token会验证失败；等token验证成功后想把接口改为post请求也可以，
刚开始没注接口用的是post请求，token验证一直失败package com.cen.appsite.KpzsContest.controllerimport com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.cen.appsite.wechat.util.HttpRequestUtil;
import org.aspectj.bridge.MessageUtil;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/xxxxx/wx")
public class KpzsWxController {
/* 踩坑一：用post请求，token验证一直失败 */
//@RequestMapping(value = "/checkSignature", method = RequestMethod.POST) @RequestMapping(value = "/checkSignature", meghod = RequestMethod.GET)
/* 踩坑二：请求参数用这个，验证一直不通过
public void checkSignature(@RequestParam("signature") String signature,
@RequestParam("timestamp") String timestamp,
@RequestParam("nonce") String nonce,
@RequestParam("echostr") String echostr,
HttpServletResponse response) { */
public void checkSignature(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
// xml请求解析
Map<String, String> requestMap = null;
try {
requestMap = parseXml(request);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 发送方帐号（open_id），formUserName 即为想要获取的用户的openid
String fromUserName = requestMap.get("FromUserName");
// 公众帐号
String toUserName = requestMap.get("ToUserName");
// 消息类型
String msgType = requestMap.get("MsgType");
String Event = requestMap.get("Event");
String EventKey = requestMap.get("EventKey");
//回复用户消息 --图文消息
String img = "<xml>\n" +
"<ToUserName><![CDATA["+fromUserName+"]]></ToUserName>\n" +
"<FromUserName><![CDATA["+toUserName+"]]></FromUserName>\n" +
"<CreateTime>"+new Date().getTime()+"</CreateTime>\n" +
"<MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType>\n" +
"<ArticleCount>1</ArticleCount>\n" +
"<Articles>\n" +
"<item>\n" +
"<Title><![CDATA[2019“倡导绿色环保生活”科普知识挑战赛]]></Title>\n" +
"<Description><![CDATA[快来参与吧!]]></Description>\n" +
"<PicUrl><![CDATA[http://www.xxxx.com/resource/images/kpzs.png]]></PicUrl>\n" + //图片路径
"<Url><![CDATA[http://www.xxxx.com/web/kpzs_index.jsp?openid="+fromUserName+"]]></Url>\n" + // 当用户点击图文消息时想要跳转的链接
"</item>\n" +
"</Articles>\n" +
"</xml>\n";
//回复用户消息 --纯文本
String text = "<xml>\n" +
" <ToUserName><![CDATA["+fromUserName+"]]></ToUserName>\n" +
" <FromUserName><![CDATA["+toUserName+"]]></FromUserName>\n" +
" <CreateTime>"+new Date().getTime()+"</CreateTime>\n" +
" <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>\n" +
" <Content><![CDATA[你好啊]]></Content>\n" +
" <MsgId>1234567890123456</MsgId>\n" +
"</xml>";
try {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
// 通过检验signature对请求进行校验，若校验成功则原样返回echostr，表示接入成功，否则接入失败
if (SignUtil.checkSignature(request.getParameter("signature"), request.getParameter("timestamp"), request.getParameter("nonce"))) { //用户的所有消息都必须响应，否则用户会收到 “公众号服务存在故障”提示
if(Event != null && Event.equals("CLICK")){ //用户点击（菜单）事件
out.print(img);
}else{
out.print(text);
}
}
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Map<String, String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
// 将解析结果存储在HashMap中
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
// 从request中取得输入流
InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
// 读取输入流
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read(inputStream);
// 得到xml根元素
Element root = document.getRootElement();
// 得到根元素的所有子节点
List<Element> elementList = root.elements();
// 遍历所有子节点
for (Element e : elementList)
map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());
// 释放资源
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
return map;
}
}
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpRequestUtil {
//请求地址，请求参数，请求方式，请求协议，携带参数
public static String getInfoByNet(String url, Map<String,String> params,String requestMethod,String requestProtocol,String outputStr){
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
stringBuffer.append(url+"?");
String result="";
for (Map.Entry<String,String> arg:params.entrySet()){
stringBuffer.append(arg.getKey()+"="+arg.getValue()+"&");
}
stringBuffer.deleteCharAt(stringBuffer.length() - 1);
//System.out.println(stringBuffer);
if(requestProtocol.equals("https")){
result = httpsRequest(stringBuffer.toString(), requestMethod, outputStr);
//System.out.println(result);
return result;
}else {
result = httpRequest(stringBuffer.toString(), requestMethod, outputStr);
//System.out.println(result);
return result;
}
}
}
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/L237/p/12348268.html
时间： 2024-10-05 19:28:59