1：创建Maven项目
2：添加依赖（修改pom.xml为以下代码）
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.gx</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringData</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>SpringData Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.data/spring-data-jpa -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>1.8.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate-entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>4.3.6.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SpringData</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3：创建配置文件spring-data-beans.xml（名字随便取）内容如下
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="root" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/test" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置EntityManagerFactory -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 设置jpa适配器 -->
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
</property>
<!-- 采用注解的方式，扫描包下面的java类 -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.gx"/>
<!-- jpa的相关配置 -->
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop><!--执行的时候是否显示SQL-->
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop><!--执行的时候SQL是否格式化，如果不格式化的话得到的SQL语句就是一条，没有换行，不便阅读-->
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop><!--如果没有是否创建-->
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
4：创建测试类com.gx.SpringData测试配置文件spring-data-beans.xml里面配置的EntityManagerFactory是否成功
4.1：创建一个数据库里面没有的表的实体类（比如说User）内容如下
package com.gx.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
/*
* 这个Entity的注解会告诉配置文件这是一个实体类
* 配置文件会根据EntityManagerFactory来判断是否有这个表
* 如果没有回字段生成
*/
@Entity
public class User {
/*最好使用封装之后的类型
* 因为在后面的类使用的时候需要用到泛型Repository<User, Integer>，这里的Integer就是主键Id
*/
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
@GeneratedValue//这个注解是告诉配置文件这个id是自增的
@Id//这个注解是告诉配置文件这是一个id
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
/*这个注解是设置表user里面的name字段的长度为20，默认不为空
* 如果不设置的话默认是255
*/
@Column(length=20,nullable=false)
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}
4.2：创建测试类com.gx.SpringData内容如下
package com.gx;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class SpringData {
//获取上下文
private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
@Before
public void setup(){
System.out.println("setup is working......");
ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-data-beans.xml");
}
@After
public void destory(){
ctx = null;
System.out.println("destory is working......");
}
@Test
public void testEntityManagerFctory(){
}
}
4.3：测试结果
5：在配置文件里面添加配置
<!--配置事务管理器-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<!--配置支持注解的事务-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<!--配置spring data 需要扫描的包-->
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.gx" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
<!--在这个配置里面的内容spring都能够自动找到，更方便-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gx"/>
6：创建接口com.gx.repository.UserRepository
package com.gx.repository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;
import com.gx.entity.User;
public interface UserRepository extends Repository<User, Integer>{
public User findByName(String name);
}
7：测试（在数据库中添加数据并在测试类里面查询）修改测试类com.gx.SpringData内容如下
package com.gx;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.gx.entity.User;
import com.gx.repository.UserRepository;
public class SpringData {
//获取上下文
private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
private UserRepository userRepository = null;
@Before
public void setup(){
System.out.println("setup is working......");
ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-data-beans.xml");
userRepository = ctx.getBean(UserRepository.class);
}
@After
public void destory(){
ctx = null;
System.out.println("destory is working......");
}
@Test
public void testEntityManagerFctory(){
}
@Test
public void findByName(){
User user = userRepository.findByName("minuobaci");
System.out.println(user);
}
}
8：测试结果
时间： 2024-12-28 00:55:42