Mongodb.Driver操作MongoDB

上一篇博客主要介绍了MongoDB和它的的使用场景,这篇文章主要介绍一下如何用C#如何借助官方的Mongodb.Driver操作MongoDB

1.NuGet引入Mongodb.Dirver

安装后项目中会新增如下dll

MongoDB.Driver.dll：顾名思义，驱动程序

MongoDB.Bson.dll：序列化、Json相关

2.初始化集合,子类需重写集合名

        #region 构造函数
        /// <summary>
        /// 集合
        /// </summary>
        public string _collName { get; set; }
        public MongoBaseRepository(string collName)
        {
            this._collName = collName;
        }
        #endregion

3..初始化链接和数据库

#region 连接配置
        /// <summary>
        /// 链接
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly string conneStr = "mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017";
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据库
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly string dbName = "TestDb";
        #endregion

        #region 单例创建链接
        private static IMongoClient _mongoclient { get; set; }
        private static IMongoClient CreateClient()
        {
            if (_mongoclient == null)
            {
                _mongoclient = new MongoClient(conneStr);
            }
            return _mongoclient;
        }
        #endregion

        #region 获取链接和数据库

        private IMongoClient client = CreateClient();
        public IMongoDatabase _database { get { return _mongoclient.GetDatabase(dbName); } }

        public IMongoDatabase GetDatabase()
        {
            return _database;
        }
        public IMongoCollection<T> GetClient<T>() where T : class, new()
        {
            return _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
        }
        #endregion

4.操作

Add：

 #region +Add 添加一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="t">添加的实体</param>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public int Add<T>(T t) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                client.InsertOne(t);
                return 1;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region +AddAsync 异步添加一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步添加一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="t">添加的实体</param>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<int> AddAsync<T>(T t) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                await client.InsertOneAsync(t);
                return 1;
            }
            catch
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region +InsertMany 批量插入
        /// <summary>
        /// 批量插入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="t">实体集合</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public int InsertMany<T>(List<T> t) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                client.InsertMany(t);
                return 1;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region +InsertManyAsync 异步批量插入
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步批量插入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="t">实体集合</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<int> InsertManyAsync<T>(List<T> t) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                await client.InsertManyAsync(t);
                return 1;
            }
            catch
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
        #endregion

Modify:

  #region +Update 修改一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="t">添加的实体</param>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public UpdateResult Update<T>(T t, string id, bool isObjectId = true) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                //修改条件
                FilterDefinition<T> filter;
                if (isObjectId)
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", new ObjectId(id));
                }
                else
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", id);
                }
                //要修改的字段
                var list = new List<UpdateDefinition<T>>();
                foreach (var item in t.GetType().GetProperties())
                {
                    if (item.Name.ToLower() == "id") continue;
                    list.Add(Builders<T>.Update.Set(item.Name, item.GetValue(t)));
                }
                var updatefilter = Builders<T>.Update.Combine(list);
                return client.UpdateOne(filter, updatefilter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region +UpdateAsync 异步修改一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步修改一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="t">添加的实体</param>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<UpdateResult> UpdateAsync<T>(T t, string id, bool isObjectId) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                //修改条件
                FilterDefinition<T> filter;
                if (isObjectId)
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", new ObjectId(id));
                }
                else
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", id);
                }
                //要修改的字段
                var list = new List<UpdateDefinition<T>>();
                foreach (var item in t.GetType().GetProperties())
                {
                    if (item.Name.ToLower() == "id") continue;
                    list.Add(Builders<T>.Update.Set(item.Name, item.GetValue(t)));
                }
                var updatefilter = Builders<T>.Update.Combine(list);
                return await client.UpdateOneAsync(filter, updatefilter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region +UpdateManay 批量修改数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 批量修改数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dic">要修改的字段</param>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">修改条件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public UpdateResult UpdateManay<T>(Dictionary<string, string> dic, FilterDefinition<T> filter) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                T t = new T();
                //要修改的字段
                var list = new List<UpdateDefinition<T>>();
                foreach (var item in t.GetType().GetProperties())
                {
                    if (!dic.ContainsKey(item.Name)) continue;
                    var value = dic[item.Name];
                    list.Add(Builders<T>.Update.Set(item.Name, value));
                }
                var updatefilter = Builders<T>.Update.Combine(list);
                return client.UpdateMany(filter, updatefilter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region +UpdateManayAsync 异步批量修改数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步批量修改数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dic">要修改的字段</param>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">修改条件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<UpdateResult> UpdateManayAsync<T>(Dictionary<string, string> dic, FilterDefinition<T> filter) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                T t = new T();
                //要修改的字段
                var list = new List<UpdateDefinition<T>>();
                foreach (var item in t.GetType().GetProperties())
                {
                    if (!dic.ContainsKey(item.Name)) continue;
                    var value = dic[item.Name];
                    list.Add(Builders<T>.Update.Set(item.Name, value));
                }
                var updatefilter = Builders<T>.Update.Combine(list);
                return await client.UpdateManyAsync(filter, updatefilter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

Remove:

 #region Delete 删除一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="id">objectId</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DeleteResult Delete<T>(string id, bool isObjectId = true) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                FilterDefinition<T> filter;
                if (isObjectId)
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", new ObjectId(id));
                }
                else
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", id);
                }
                return client.DeleteOne(filter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }

        }
        #endregion

        #region DeleteAsync 异步删除一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步删除一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="id">objectId</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<DeleteResult> DeleteAsync<T>(string id, bool isObjectId = true) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                //修改条件
                FilterDefinition<T> filter;
                if (isObjectId)
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", new ObjectId(id));
                }
                else
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", id);
                }
                return await client.DeleteOneAsync(filter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }

        }
        #endregion

        #region DeleteMany 删除多条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">删除的条件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public DeleteResult DeleteMany<T>(FilterDefinition<T> filter) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                return client.DeleteMany(filter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }

        }
        #endregion

        #region DeleteManyAsync 异步删除多条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步删除多条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">删除的条件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<DeleteResult> DeleteManyAsync<T>(FilterDefinition<T> filter) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                return await client.DeleteManyAsync(filter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }

        }
        #endregion

Find:

 #region FindOne 根据id查询一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据id查询一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="id">objectid</param>
        /// <param name="field">要查询的字段，不写时查询全部</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T FindOne<T>(string id, bool isObjectId = true, string[] field = null) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                FilterDefinition<T> filter;
                if (isObjectId)
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", new ObjectId(id));
                }
                else
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", id);
                }
                //不指定查询字段
                if (field == null || field.Length == 0)
                {
                    return client.Find(filter).FirstOrDefault<T>();
                }

                //制定查询字段
                var fieldList = new List<ProjectionDefinition<T>>();
                for (int i = 0; i < field.Length; i++)
                {
                    fieldList.Add(Builders<T>.Projection.Include(field[i].ToString()));
                }
                var projection = Builders<T>.Projection.Combine(fieldList);
                fieldList?.Clear();
                return client.Find(filter).Project<T>(projection).FirstOrDefault<T>();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region FindOneAsync 异步根据id查询一条数据
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步根据id查询一条数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="id">objectid</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<T> FindOneAsync<T>(string id, bool isObjectId = true, string[] field = null) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                FilterDefinition<T> filter;
                if (isObjectId)
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", new ObjectId(id));
                }
                else
                {
                    filter = Builders<T>.Filter.Eq("_id", id);
                }

                //不指定查询字段
                if (field == null || field.Length == 0)
                {
                    return await client.Find(filter).FirstOrDefaultAsync();
                }

                //制定查询字段
                var fieldList = new List<ProjectionDefinition<T>>();
                for (int i = 0; i < field.Length; i++)
                {
                    fieldList.Add(Builders<T>.Projection.Include(field[i].ToString()));
                }
                var projection = Builders<T>.Projection.Combine(fieldList);
                fieldList?.Clear();
                return await client.Find(filter).Project<T>(projection).FirstOrDefaultAsync();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region FindList 查询集合
        /// <summary>
        /// 查询集合
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">查询条件</param>
        /// <param name="field">要查询的字段,不写时查询全部</param>
        /// <param name="sort">要排序的字段</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> FindList<T>(FilterDefinition<T> filter, string[] field = null, SortDefinition<T> sort = null) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                //不指定查询字段
                if (field == null || field.Length == 0)
                {
                    if (sort == null) return client.Find(filter).ToList();
                    //进行排序
                    return client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).ToList();
                }

                //制定查询字段
                var fieldList = new List<ProjectionDefinition<T>>();
                for (int i = 0; i < field.Length; i++)
                {
                    fieldList.Add(Builders<T>.Projection.Include(field[i].ToString()));
                }
                var projection = Builders<T>.Projection.Combine(fieldList);
                fieldList?.Clear();
                if (sort == null) return client.Find(filter).Project<T>(projection).ToList();
                //排序查询
                return client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).Project<T>(projection).ToList();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region FindListAsync 异步查询集合
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步查询集合
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">查询条件</param>
        /// <param name="field">要查询的字段,不写时查询全部</param>
        /// <param name="sort">要排序的字段</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<List<T>> FindListAsync<T>(FilterDefinition<T> filter, string[] field = null, SortDefinition<T> sort = null) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                //不指定查询字段
                if (field == null || field.Length == 0)
                {
                    if (sort == null) return await client.Find(filter).ToListAsync();
                    return await client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).ToListAsync();
                }

                //制定查询字段
                var fieldList = new List<ProjectionDefinition<T>>();
                for (int i = 0; i < field.Length; i++)
                {
                    fieldList.Add(Builders<T>.Projection.Include(field[i].ToString()));
                }
                var projection = Builders<T>.Projection.Combine(fieldList);
                fieldList?.Clear();
                if (sort == null) return await client.Find(filter).Project<T>(projection).ToListAsync();
                //排序查询
                return await client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).Project<T>(projection).ToListAsync();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region FindListByPage 分页查询集合
        /// <summary>
        /// 分页查询集合
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">查询条件</param>
        /// <param name="pageIndex">当前页</param>
        /// <param name="pageSize">页容量</param>
        /// <param name="count">总条数</param>
        /// <param name="field">要查询的字段,不写时查询全部</param>
        /// <param name="sort">要排序的字段</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> FindListByPage<T>(FilterDefinition<T> filter, int pageIndex, int pageSize, out long count, string[] field = null, SortDefinition<T> sort = null) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                count = client.CountDocuments(filter);
                //不指定查询字段
                if (field == null || field.Length == 0)
                {
                    if (sort == null) return client.Find(filter).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToList();
                    //进行排序
                    return client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToList();
                }

                //制定查询字段
                var fieldList = new List<ProjectionDefinition<T>>();
                for (int i = 0; i < field.Length; i++)
                {
                    fieldList.Add(Builders<T>.Projection.Include(field[i].ToString()));
                }
                var projection = Builders<T>.Projection.Combine(fieldList);
                fieldList?.Clear();

                //不排序
                if (sort == null) return client.Find(filter).Project<T>(projection).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToList();

                //排序查询
                return client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).Project<T>(projection).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToList();

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region FindListByPageAsync 异步分页查询集合
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步分页查询集合
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">查询条件</param>
        /// <param name="pageIndex">当前页</param>
        /// <param name="pageSize">页容量</param>
        /// <param name="field">要查询的字段,不写时查询全部</param>
        /// <param name="sort">要排序的字段</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<List<T>> FindListByPageAsync<T>(FilterDefinition<T> filter, int pageIndex, int pageSize, string[] field = null, SortDefinition<T> sort = null) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                //不指定查询字段
                if (field == null || field.Length == 0)
                {
                    if (sort == null) return await client.Find(filter).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToListAsync();
                    //进行排序
                    return await client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToListAsync();
                }

                //制定查询字段
                var fieldList = new List<ProjectionDefinition<T>>();
                for (int i = 0; i < field.Length; i++)
                {
                    fieldList.Add(Builders<T>.Projection.Include(field[i].ToString()));
                }
                var projection = Builders<T>.Projection.Combine(fieldList);
                fieldList?.Clear();

                //不排序
                if (sort == null) return await client.Find(filter).Project<T>(projection).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToListAsync();

                //排序查询
                return await client.Find(filter).Sort(sort).Project<T>(projection).Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Limit(pageSize).ToListAsync();

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

Count:

        #region Count 根据条件获取总数
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据条件获取总数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">条件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long Count<T>(FilterDefinition<T> filter) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                return client.CountDocuments(filter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region CountAsync 异步根据条件获取总数
        /// <summary>
        /// 异步根据条件获取总数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="host">mongodb连接信息</param>
        /// <param name="filter">条件</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<long> CountAsync<T>( FilterDefinition<T> filter) where T : class, new()
        {
            try
            {
                var client = _database.GetCollection<T>(_collName);
                return await client.CountDocumentsAsync(filter);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        #endregion

查询实例:

        public async Task<IList<Messages>> MyMessage(BaseCondition condition)
        {
            //根据时间排序
            var sort = Builders<Messages>.Sort.Ascending("State");
            var list = new List<FilterDefinition<Messages>>();
            list.Add(Builders<Messages>.Filter.Eq("ReciveCode","admin"));
            //>开始时间 <结束时间
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(condition.startTime) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(condition.endTime))
            {
                list.Add(Builders<Messages>.Filter.Gte("CreateDate", condition.startTime));
                list.Add(Builders<Messages>.Filter.Lte("CreateDate", condition.endTime));
            }
            //Or条件
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(condition.SerachCondition))
            {
                var list_or = new List<FilterDefinition<Messages>>();
                list_or.Add(Builders<Messages>.Filter.Regex("Title", condition.SerachCondition));
                list_or.Add(Builders<Messages>.Filter.Regex("MContent", condition.SerachCondition));
                list_or.Add(Builders<Messages>.Filter.Regex("SendCode", condition.SerachCondition));
                list.Add(Builders<Messages>.Filter.Or(list_or));
            }
            var filter = Builders<Messages>.Filter.And(list);
            var result = await base.FindListAsync<Messages>(filter, null, sort);
            return result;
        }

时间格式需要序列化,如下

5.ObjectId详解

MongoDB中我们经常会接触到一个自动生成的字段：”_id”，类型为ObjectId。

ObjectId构成
之前我们使用MySQL等关系型数据库时，主键都是设置成自增的。但在分布式环境下，这种方法就不可行了，会产生冲突。为此，MongoDB采用了一个称之为ObjectId的类型来做主键。ObjectId是一个12字节的 BSON 类型字符串。按照字节顺序，一次代表：

4字节：UNIX时间戳
3字节：表示运行MongoDB的机器
2字节：表示生成此_id的进程
3字节：由一个随机数开始的计数器生成的值

从ObjectId的构造上来看，内部就嵌入了时间类型。我们肯定可以从中获取时间信息：即插入此文档时的时间。MongoDB对ObjectId对象提供了getTimestamp()方法来获取ObjectId的时间。

6.注意事项:

平均插入速率：MongoDB不指定_id插入 > MongoDB指定_id插入。

分析:

在MongoDB中，指定索引插入比不指定慢很多，这是因为，MongoDB里每一条数据的_id值都是唯一的。当在不指定_id插入数据的时候，其_id是系统自动计算生成的。MongoDB通过计算机特征值、时间、进程ID与随机数来确保生成的_id是唯一的。而在指定_id插入时，MongoDB每插一条数据，都需要检查此_id可不可用，当数据库中数据条数太多的时候，这一步的查询开销会拖慢整个数据库的插入速度。如果想充分利用MongoDB性能的话，推荐采取不带”_id”的插入方式

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/quebra/p/10202449.html

时间： 2024-10-19 05:07:16

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