python访问MS SqlServer（通过pyodbc）

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 3
 4
 5 import pyodbc
 6
 7
 8 class MSSQL:
 9     """
10     封装pyodbc
11     """
12
13     def __init__(self,host,user,pwd,db=‘master‘, charset=‘utf8‘):
14         self._host = host
15         self._user = user
16         self._pwd = pwd
17         self._db = db
18         self._charset = charset
19
20     def __get_connect(self):
21         """
22         得到连接信息
23         返回: conn.cursor()
24         """
25         if not self._db:
26             raise(NameError,"没有设置数据库信息")
27         conn_info = ‘DRIVER={SQL Server};DATABASE=%s;SERVER=%s;UID=%s;PWD=%s‘ % (self._db, self._host, self._user, self._pwd)
28         self.conn = pyodbc.connect(conn_info, charset=self._charset)
29         cur = self.conn.cursor()
30         if not cur:
31             raise(NameError,"连接数据库失败")
32         else:
33             return cur
34
35     def __exec_query(self,sql):
36         """
37         执行查询语句
38         返回的是一个包含tuple的list，list的元素是记录行，tuple的元素是每行记录的字段
39
40         调用示例：
41                 ms = MSSQL(host="localhost",user="sa",pwd="123456",db="PythonWeiboStatistics")
42                 resList = ms.ExecQuery("SELECT id,NickName FROM WeiBoUser")
43                 for (id,NickName) in resList:
44                     print str(id),NickName
45         """
46         cur = self.__get_connect()
47         cur.execute(sql)
48         resList = cur.fetchall()
49
50         #查询完毕后必须关闭连接
51         self.conn.close()
52         return resList
53
54     def exec_query_tuple(self, sql):
55         """结果集以元组返回"""
56         return self.__exec_query(sql)
57
58     def exec_query_dict(self, sql):
59         result = []
60         for row in self.__exec_query(sql):
61             result.append( dict([(desc[0], row[index]) for index, desc in enumerate(row.cursor_description)]) )
62
63         return result
64
65     def exec_nonquery(self,sql):
66         """
67         执行非查询语句
68
69         调用示例：
70             cur = self.__GetConnect()
71             cur.execute(sql)
72             self.conn.commit()
73             self.conn.close()
74         """
75         cur = self.__get_connect()
76         cur.execute(sql)
77         self.conn.commit()
78         self.conn.close()
79
80
81 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
82     conn = MSSQL(‘192.168.1.124‘, ‘sa‘, ‘Hinac0m‘, ‘HINAMIIS‘, ‘GBK‘)
83
84     print conn.exec_query_dict("select * from RISDevice where deviceid=1")