错误1：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-maven-plugins:2.2.0:protoc (compile-protoc) on project hadoop-common: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecutionException: protoc version is ‘libprotoc 2.4.1‘, expected version is ‘2.5.0‘ -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException [ERROR] [ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command [ERROR] mvn <goals> -rf :hadoop-common
安装protoc
wget https://protobuf.googlecode.com/files/protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
（此处下载https://code.google.com/p/protobuf/downloads/list）
解压， 进入根目录执行 sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr
若安装报错：
cpp: error trying to exec ‘cc1plus‘: execvp: No such file or directory
则安装g++
sudo apt-get install g++
sudo make
sudo make check
sudo make install
protoc --version
遇到protoc: error while loading shared libraries: libprotoc.so.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory时，如ubuntu系统，默认安装在/usr/local/lib下，需要指定/usr。sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr 必须加上--proix参数，重新编译和安装。
错误2：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun- plugin:1.6:run (make) on project hadoop-common: An Ant BuildException has occured: Execute failed: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "cmake" (in directory "/home/wyf/hadoop-2.0.2-alpha-src/hadoop-common-project/hadoop- common/target/native"): java.io.IOException: error=2, No such file or directory -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
安装Cmake
sudo apt-get install cmake
错误3：
ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.codehaus.mojo.jspc:jspc-maven-plugin:2.0- alpha-3:compile (hdfs) on project hadoop-hdfs: Execution hdfs of goal org.codehaus.mojo.jspc:jspc-maven-plugin:2.0-alpha-3:compile failed: Plugin org.codehaus.mojo.jspc:jspc-maven-plugin:2.0-alpha-3 or one of its dependencies could not be resolved: Could not transfer artifact ant:ant:jar:1.6.5 from/to central (http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2): GET request of: ant/ant/1.6.5/ant-1.6.5.jar from central failed: Read timed out -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/PluginResolutionException [ERROR] [ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command [ERROR] mvn <goals> -rf :hadoop-hdfs
安装ant
1.首先下载ant
百度网盘： apache-ant-1.9.4-bin.tar.gz
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c0vjhBy
或则下面链接：
apache-ant-1.9.4-bin.tar.gz
2.解压
tar zxvf apache-ant-1.9.4-bin.tar.gz
3.配置环境变量
记得配置环境变量
如下图所示：
vim ~/.bashrc
export ANT_HOME=/home/xxl/apache-ant-1.9.4
export PATH=$ANT_HOME:$PATH
source ~/.bashrc
错误4：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-maven-plugins:2.4.0:prot oc (compile-protoc) on project hadoop-common: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecut ionException: ‘protoc --version‘ did not return a version -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e swit ch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please rea d the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionE xception [ERROR] [ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command [ERROR] mvn <goals> -rf :hadoop-common
protobuf版本过低
安装2.5版本的即可
错误5：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.6:run (compile) on project hadoop-snappy: An Ant BuildException has occured: The following error occurred while executing this line: [ERROR] /home/ngc/Char/snap/hadoop-snappy/hadoop-snappy-read-only/maven/build-compilenative.xml:75: exec returned: 2
这个原因比较恶心，是因为Hadoop snappy对gcc版本还有要求，因为我是2012年12月份的ubuntu12.04，所以gcc已经是4.6了，但是在google code那看到有人说他从gcc4.6回退成gcc4.4就ok了，我也是了一下，果然这个错误没有了。
gcc --version #查看gcc版本
gcc (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.4.7-1ubuntu2) 4.6.3
Copyright ? 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
本程序是自由软件；请参看源代码的版权声明。本软件没有任何担保；
包括没有适销性和某一专用目的下的适用性担保。
如何回退呢？
1. apt-get install gcc-3.4
2. rm /usr/bin/gcc
3. ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.4 /usr/bin/gcc
之后，再gcc --version，你就会发现，gcc已经变成4.4.7了。
错误6：
.[exec] /bin/bash ./libtool --tag=CC --mode=link gcc -g -Wall -fPIC -O2 -m64 -g -O2 -version-info 0:1:0 -L/usr/local//lib -o libhadoopsnappy.la -rpath /usr/local/lib src/org/apache/hadoop/io/compress/snappy/SnappyCompressor.lo src/org/apache/hadoop/io/compress/snappy/SnappyDecompressor.lo -ljvm -ldl [exec] /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ljvm [exec] collect2: ld returned 1 exit status [exec] make: *** [libhadoopsnappy.la] 错误 1 [exec] libtool: link: gcc -shared -fPIC -DPIC src/org/apache/hadoop/io/compress/snappy/.libs/SnappyCompressor.o src/org/apache/hadoop/io/compress/snappy/.libs/SnappyDecompressor.o -L/usr/local//lib -ljvm -ldl -O2 -m64 -O2 -Wl,-soname -Wl,libhadoopsnappy.so.0 -o .libs/libhadoopsnappy.so.0.0.1
网上有很多 解决/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lxxx 这样的博客，但是这里，我告诉你，他们的都不适用。因为这儿既不是缺什么，也不是版本不对，是因为没有把安装jvm的libjvm.so symbolic link到usr/local/lib。如果你的系统时amd64，可到/root/bin/jdk1.6.0_37/jre/lib/amd64/server/察看libjvm.so link到的地方，这里修改如下：
ln -s /root/bin/jdk1.6.0_37/jre/lib/amd64/server/libjvm.so /usr/local/lib/
问题即可解决。
错误7：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.6:run (make) on project hadoop-common: An Ant BuildException has occured: exec returned: 1 -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. 安装zlib-devel ubuntu安装是 sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev
错误8：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.7:run (make) on project hadoop-pipes: An Ant BuildException has occured: exec returned: 1 [ERROR] around Ant part ...<exec dir="/home/xxl/hadoop-2.5.2-src/hadoop-tools/hadoop-pipes/target/native" executable="cmake" failonerror="true">... @ 5:120 in /home/xxl/hadoop-2.5.2-src/hadoop-tools/hadoop-pipes/target/antrun/build-main.xml [ERROR] -> [Help 1]
安装：sudo apt-get install libssl-dev