设计模式15---桥接模式

当一个事物或者过程有很多变化时，比如开车走路，如何我们用继承的方法，类的数目会几何增长。

但是我们如何把每个变化隔离开来，也就是，车子和路况隔离开来，这样每个变化都是独立的。

public abstract class Automobile {
    public static final int TYPE_CAR = 1;
    public static final int TYPE_MOTORCYCLE = 2;
    public abstract int Run();
}

对于路来说，它影响的是不同的比率。

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

public abstract class Road {
    public static final int TYPE_CITY = 1;
    public static final int TYPE_HIGHWAY = 2;
    public static final int TYPE_SUBURBAN = 3;

    protected String TAGNAME;
    protected Automobile _mAuto;
    protected double _miles;

    public abstract double SpeedRate();//汽车速度比率

    public Road(double _miles) {
        this._miles = _miles;
    }

    /**
     * @param _mAuto the _mAuto to set
     */
    public void set_mAuto(Automobile _mAuto) {
        this._mAuto = _mAuto;
    }

    public double Run()
    {

//        System.out.println("distance of "+TAGNAME+" is "+_miles+" km");
        System.out.println(String.format("distance of %s is %.0f km", TAGNAME,_miles));
        double speed = _mAuto.Run()*SpeedRate();
        double h = _miles/speed;
        System.out.println(String.format("%s spend time %.2f hours", TAGNAME,h));
        return h;
    }
}

car:

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

public class Car extends Automobile {

    private static Car _mInstance = null;

    private Car() {
        super();
    }

    public static Car getInstance()
    {
        if(_mInstance == null)
        {
            _mInstance = new Car();
        }
        return _mInstance;
    }

    @Override
    public int Run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.print("Car Run 50km/h at:");
        return 50;
    }

}

Motorcycle:

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

public class Motorcycle extends Automobile {

    private static Motorcycle _mInstance = null;

    private Motorcycle() {
        super();
    }

    public static Motorcycle getInstance()
    {
        if(_mInstance == null)
        {
            _mInstance = new Motorcycle();
        }
        return _mInstance;
    }

    @Override
    public int Run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.print("Motorcycle Run 30km/h at:");
        return 30;
    }

}

HighWay:

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

public class HighWay extends Road {

    public HighWay(double _miles) {
        super(_miles);
        this.TAGNAME = "HighWay";
    }

    @Override
    public double SpeedRate() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("In "+TAGNAME);
        return 1.5;
    }
}

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

public class Suburban extends Road {

    public Suburban(double _miles) {
        super(_miles);
        this.TAGNAME = "Suburban";
    }

    @Override
    public double SpeedRate() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("In "+TAGNAME);
        return 1.0;
    }
}

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

public class CityRoad extends Road {

    public CityRoad(double _miles) {
        super(_miles);
        this.TAGNAME = "CityRoad";
    }

    @Override
    public double SpeedRate() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("In "+TAGNAME);
        return 0.75;
    }
}

汽车用简单工厂模式封装下：

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

public class AutomobileFactory {

    public static Automobile CreateAutoMobile(int carType)
    {
        Automobile _mAuto = null;
        switch(carType)
        {
        case Automobile.TYPE_CAR:
            _mAuto = Car.getInstance();
            break;
        case Automobile.TYPE_MOTORCYCLE:
            _mAuto = Motorcycle.getInstance();
            break;
        }
        return _mAuto;
    }
}

package com.jayfulmath.designpattern.bridge;

import com.jayfulmath.designpattern.main.BasicExample;

/*Bridge mode:当事物会随着很多方便变化而变化，我们可以把每个变化独立开来
 * 对于不同的方面，可以进行相应的
 *
 * */

public class BridgeMain extends BasicExample {

    @Override
    public void startDemo() {
        /*1.highway 50km car
         *2.cityWay 30km motorcycle
         *3.suburban 10km car
         * */
        double h1 = getRunTime(Road.TYPE_HIGHWAY,Automobile.TYPE_CAR,50);
        double h2 = getRunTime(Road.TYPE_CITY,Automobile.TYPE_MOTORCYCLE,30);
        double h3 = getRunTime(Road.TYPE_SUBURBAN,Automobile.TYPE_CAR,10);

        System.out.println("Total time is "+(h1+h2+h3));

    }

    private double getRunTime(int roadtype,int cartype,int pathlength)
    {
        double hour = 0;
        Road _mRoad = RoadFactory.CreateRoad(roadtype, pathlength);
        _mRoad.set_mAuto(AutomobileFactory.CreateAutoMobile(cartype));
        hour = _mRoad.Run();
        System.out.println("***************************************");
        return hour;
    }
}

结果：

distance of HighWay is 50 km
Car Run 50km/h at:In HighWay
HighWay spend time 0.67 hours
***************************************
distance of CityRoad is 30 km
Motorcycle Run 30km/h at:In CityRoad
CityRoad spend time 1.33 hours
***************************************
distance of Suburban is 10 km
Car Run 50km/h at:In Suburban
Suburban spend time 0.20 hours
***************************************
Total time is 2.2

实现系统有多角度分类，每个角度都有可能变化，把它们独立开来，不用继承的方式，而是用聚合的方式，可以避免类的爆炸。