Django模块笔记【六】

入门笔记翻译整理自：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/

*该笔记将对各个模块进行单独介绍

*migration&Managing files&Testing in Django

1. migration的命令

migrate命令负责应用migrations，同时也负责撤销migrations以及查看他们的状态。

makemigrations基于对模型的改变，创建新的migrations。

sqlmigrate为migration显示SQL语句。

2. 模型中的文件

1 from django.db import models
2
3 class Car(models.Model):
4     name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
5     price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
6     photo = models.ImageField(upload_to=‘cars‘)

以上模型中，photo是文件。

1 >>> car = Car.objects.get(name="57 Chevy")
2 >>> car.photo
3 <ImageFieldFile: chevy.jpg>
4 >>> car.photo.name
5 ‘cars/chevy.jpg‘
6 >>> car.photo.path
7 ‘/media/cars/chevy.jpg‘
8 >>> car.photo.url
9 ‘http://media.example.com/cars/chevy.jpg

3. Django中的测试

 1 from django.test import TestCase
 2 from myapp.models import Animal
 3
 4 class AnimalTestCase(TestCase):
 5     def setUp(self):
 6         Animal.objects.create(name="lion", sound="roar")
 7         Animal.objects.create(name="cat", sound="meow")
 8
 9     def test_animals_can_speak(self):
10         """Animals that can speak are correctly identified"""
11         lion = Animal.objects.get(name="lion")
12         cat = Animal.objects.get(name="cat")
13         self.assertEqual(lion.speak(), ‘The lion says "roar"‘)
14         self.assertEqual(cat.speak(), ‘The cat says "meow"‘)

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