一、准备工作
1、下载官网qcow2镜像文件
wget https://cloud.debian.org/images/cloud/OpenStack/10.2.0/debian-10.2.0-openstack-amd64.qcow2
镜像文件信息
[debian-10.2-cloud] name=Debian 10.2.0 (Buster) Cloud osinfo=debian10 arch=x86_64 file=debian-10.2.0-openstack-amd64.qcow2 checksum[sha512]=296ad8345cb49e52464a0cb8bf4365eb0b9e4220c47ebdd73d134d51effc756d5554aee15027fffd038fef4ad5fa984c94208bce60572d58b2ab26f74bb2a5de format=qcow2 size=566434304 revision=20191116 notes=Debian 10.2.0 (Buster). This is a Debian installation, suited for running as OpenStack guest.
2、使用openssl passwd -1 123456生成加密的密码：-1表示使用MD5算法对密码123456进行加密
[[email protected] ~]# openssl passwd -1 123456 $1$HDUWloxk$IZuLRX39Oa31T4YzCrCHL1
3、使用guestfish命令进入交互命令界面依次执行run、list-filesystems、mount等指令
guestfish --rw -a debian-10.2.0-openstack-amd64.qcow2
Welcome to guestfish, the guest filesystem shell for
editing virtual machine filesystems and disk images.
Type: ‘help‘ for help on commands
‘man‘ to read the manual
‘quit‘ to quit the shell
><fs> run
><fs> list-filesystems
/dev/sda1: ext4
><fs> mount /dev/sda1 /
><fs>
二、修改root账号密码
编辑/etc/shadow
><fs> vi /etc/shadow
root:*:18216:0:99999:7::: daemon:*:18216:0:99999:7::: bin:*:18216:0:99999:7::: sys:*:18216:0:99999:7::: sync:*:18216:0:99999:7::: games:*:18216:0:99999:7::: man:*:18216:0:99999:7::: lp:*:18216:0:99999:7::: mail:*:18216:0:99999:7::: news:*:18216:0:99999:7::: uucp:*:18216:0:99999:7::: proxy:*:18216:0:99999:7::: www-data:*:18216:0:99999:7::: backup:*:18216:0:99999:7::: list:*:18216:0:99999:7::: irc:*:18216:0:99999:7::: gnats:*:18216:0:99999:7::: nobody:*:18216:0:99999:7::: _apt:*:18216:0:99999:7::: systemd-timesync:*:18216:0:99999:7::: systemd-network:*:18216:0:99999:7::: systemd-resolve:*:18216:0:99999:7::: messagebus:*:18216:0:99999:7::: unscd:*:18216:0:99999:7::: ntp:*:18216:0:99999:7::: sshd:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
将root:后面的第一个*替换为第二步加密之后的密码
替换后第一行为/etc/shadow第一行为
root:$1$HDUWloxk$IZuLRX39Oa31T4YzCrCHL1:18216:0:99999:7:::
三、开启root账号ssh远程登录
编辑/etc/ssh/sshd_config，在vi中:set number开启行号
><fs> vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
第32行
#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
释放掉注释，并修改值为yes，调整完之后第32行为
PermitRootLogin yes
第56行
#PasswordAuthentication yes
释放掉注释，调整完之后第56行为
PasswordAuthentication yes
四、修改apt源，（qcow2注册到OpenStack之后启动虚拟机源还是默认的，目前原因未知，可待虚拟机启动后执行下列修改）
编辑/etc/apt/sources.list，将替换为以下内容
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free # deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free # deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free # deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free # deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
五、开启ssh语法高亮以及内置命令别名
编辑/root/.bashrc，1、3、4、8、15行为说明注释，除此之外释放所有注释
><fs> vi /root/.bashrc
编辑之前内容为：
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# Note: PS1 and umask are already set in /etc/profile. You should not
# need this unless you want different defaults for root.
# PS1=‘${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\h:\w\$ ‘
# umask 022
# You may uncomment the following lines if you want `ls‘ to be colorized:
# export LS_OPTIONS=‘--color=auto‘
# eval "`dircolors`"
# alias ls=‘ls $LS_OPTIONS‘
# alias ll=‘ls $LS_OPTIONS -l‘
# alias l=‘ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA‘
#
# Some more alias to avoid making mistakes:
# alias rm=‘rm -i‘
# alias cp=‘cp -i‘
# alias mv=‘mv -i‘
编辑之后内容为：
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
# Note: PS1 and umask are already set in /etc/profile. You should not
# need this unless you want different defaults for root.
PS1=‘${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\h:\w\$ ‘
umask 022
# You may uncomment the following lines if you want `ls‘ to be colorized:
export LS_OPTIONS=‘--color=auto‘
eval "`dircolors`"
alias ls=‘ls $LS_OPTIONS‘
alias ll=‘ls $LS_OPTIONS -l‘
alias l=‘ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA‘
#
# Some more alias to avoid making mistakes:
alias rm=‘rm -i‘
alias cp=‘cp -i‘
alias mv=‘mv -i‘
最后执行quit命令退出guestfish，将qcow2镜像文件注册到openstack，投递虚拟机实例即可
参考链接：
https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/modify-images.html#guestfish
https://blog.51cto.com/superzhangqiang/1705678
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42551369/article/details/88946622
http://www.chenshake.com/openstack-mirror-and-password/
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/nihaorz/p/12058364.html
时间： 2024-08-27 16:23:23